Probiotics

Strains matter more than numbers

Different probiotic strains do different things, so a product that helped in one study will not necessarily help with another problem. Look for labels that list the full strain name (for example Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) rather than just the species. A higher CFU (colony-forming units) count is not automatically better; what matters is a dose that matches the research for that strain.

What probiotics may help with

• Diarrhoea from antibiotics: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii have the best evidence. Take them a few hours apart from the antibiotic, and continue for a week after the course.
• Irritable bowel syndrome: some strains reduce bloating and pain for some people; try one product for about four weeks before judging.
• Infant colic: one strain, Lactobacillus reuteri, has some evidence in breastfed babies; ask a paediatrician first.

For healthy people without symptoms, the benefit of a daily probiotic is unclear.

Storage in hot weather

Probiotics are living organisms and die faster in heat and humidity. Check whether the label says to refrigerate, and keep shelf-stable products in a cool, dry place. Long shipping in hot conditions can reduce the number of live organisms, so look for products in blister packs or with a guaranteed count "through the expiry date".

Probiotics in Bangladesh: food first

Plain yoghurt (doi) with live cultures, and other fermented foods, provide beneficial bacteria naturally. People who are seriously ill, have a weakened immune system or a central line, and premature babies should take probiotics only under medical supervision.

How to choose and take probiotics

Pick a product that lists strains, the CFU count at expiry rather than at manufacture, and storage instructions. Take it at the same time each day as the label directs. Mild gas or bloating in the first few days is common and usually settles; stop if you develop a rash, fever or severe stomach pain.